Yag laser welding parameters on penetration and microstructure. The process is frequently used in high volume applications using automation, as in the automotive industry. Yag laser wavelength 1064nm maximum laser power 100w200w pulse frequency. Solidstate lasers operate at very low wavelengths and hence cannot be operated with the naked eye nd yag laser the nd.
The 532nm wavelength ensures reliable weld penetration when welding copper, while the 1064nm. Yag wavelength that has the option of being transmitted through an optical fiber. Yag laser welding of stainless steel 304 for photonics device. Yag laser is a solid state laser, it uses neodymium nd diffused in a crystal that is composed of yttrium aluminum garnet yag to produce a light beam. Welding of aluminum and its alloys has its specific features.
Yag laser welding was employed to weld 5456 aluminum alloy plates with thickness of 5 mm. The main objective of this work is to achieve the best welding conditions. Yag laser welding for automotive manufacturing applications. The ndyag laser welding process differs slightly from it. Yag laser system was used to weld 2mm butt joints of sandcast ze41at5 magnesium alloys at a power of 2. This is a standard yag laser welder which is most suitable for. Laser beam welding is a technique in manufacturing whereby two or more pieces of material usually metal are joined by together through use of a laser beam.
These types of laser use a mixture of gases for the production of lasers. Hot cracking in laser welding of hastelloy x with pulsed nd. Yag laser welding efficiencies for 304l stainless steel. Yag laser but it is reported to cause more weld porosity than with the use of ofn. Yag pulsed laser and 600 w continuous wave fiber laser welding are employed to weld a 2 mm thick hastelloy x plates. Conduction welding occurs at lower power densities or. This paper examines the laser welding behaviour of a sic particulate reinforced alalloy 2124 composite using a pulsed nd yag laser. This fact has to be considered accordingly for a proper signal detection. Yag laser for thin plate magnesium alloy butt welding was optimized using the taguchi analytical methodology. The cooling system is integrated into the laser on all devices with the exception of the al 500 which requires additional external cooling.
Yag laser generates laser light commonly in the nearinfrared region of the spectrum at 1064 nanometers nm. These investigations have led to an optimum welding condition. Yag solid state laser produces very high peak pow ers relative to the average power of the laser. The alflak laser welder is available in two versions. Additionally, due to the fact that most of the used detectors are sensitive to the wavelength of the ndyag laser, some measures have to be.
Yag laser is an optically pumped solid state laser system that is capable of. Solidstate lasers operate at very low wavelengths and hence cannot be operated with the naked eye ndyag laser the nd. The performance of the laser welding process depends on energy absorbed by the substrate material. The laser beam was delivered through a 600 m optical fibre. Nov 23, 2014 laser beam welding process in general cases heat is required to fuse the metals for any types of welding, in laser beam welding process the heat is obtained from the application of a concentrated coherent light beam which striking upon the weld metal and melt the metal, such this weld joint is obtained, this welding process is called laser welding. The weld penetration and tendency of liquation cracking in the heat affected zone and solidification cracking in the weld metal are investigated. Yag laser is not expected to replace the co 2 laser completely, but there are a number of applications which are better suited to laser welding with an nd. A picontroller adjusts the laser power aiming at a constant penetration. Yag laser welding of copper using oxygenated assist.
Hot cracking in laser welding of hastelloy x with pulsed. This test was held using a computerized tensile testing machine of the type. The effects of using oxygenated assist gases on the weldability and weld properties of nd. North korea is reported to have used one of these weapons against american helicopters in 2003. The laser beam is focused down to a very small diameter onto the workpiece and. Yag laser welding covers a large variety of techniques capable of producing welds in various metals, ranging from a few micrometers to tens of millimeters in thickness. It is found that hot cracks can be avoided by pulsed laser in preheated status.
Yag and fiber laser welding laser fundamentals elements of a laser welding system the route to a successful weld. Pulsed ndyag laser welding of a sic particulate reinforced. Yag laser welder micro joining equipment nippon avionics. To investigate how the material is affected by keyhole welding and to summarise the result.
Yag laser weld with a focused spot size of about 0. Dec 12, 2019 laser beam welding is a technique in manufacturing whereby two or more pieces of material usually metal are joined by together through use of a laser beam. Yag laser welding process is being used for welding of micro industrial. It was found that the adjustment of defocusing distance greatly influences the establishment of conduction or keyhole mode welding. Yag, pulsed laser welds in copper cu have been evaluated. The influences of laser welding parameters of laser intensity, pulse duration and the beams focus position on the depth of weld penetration as well as the size of fusion zone were investigated. Manufacturer of ndyag laser welding machine series uw300a laser welding machine, uw025a laser welding machine, uw150a laser welding machine and uw600a laser welding machine offered by meera laser solutions, chennai, tamil nadu. Yag laser welding by or laser here at or laser, we feature a number of different solidstate laser systems, products, and accessories for sale that are designed specifically for common applications in. Laser stands for l ight a mplification by s timulated e mission of r adiation. Welding parameters necessary to obtain sound autogenous welds were determined for both pulsed nd.
The laser beam is focused down to a very small diameter onto the workpiece and melts the materials to be joined at the joint interface. Jun 29, 2015 if the gap or space between two parts to be laser welded is too big, the laser beam will pass down the center and possibly not melt either side. We do an depth video for moldmaking technology about the differences between fss fiber laser and nd. A new generation of lasers called fiber lasers also. Yag laser welders are combined in one 4axis system which is perfect for welding conductive materials like aluminum and copper. Yag laser welding process is very unique in that it is the lowest heat input fusion welding process available to the industry and thus yields nominimal distortion of the workpiece. Yag laser with an average power rating of 400 wean. These lasers operate in both pulsed and continuous mode.
The solidstate laser is ideal for yag laser welding of plastics and other substances that are frequently used in manufacturing, for instance. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Watch to find out which is right for your mold maintenance and repairs. Yag laser welding process have been studied by making beadonplate welds on 1. The fundamental aspects of welding are process efficiency and heat affected zone. This paper attempts to give an overview of recent developemnts and research trends. Yag laser welding for photonics devices packaging intechopen. Yag laser global industry analysis, size, share, growth, trends, and forecast 2017 2025 press release pr newswire apr. Yag laser spot welding for photonics device packaging has been introduced by.
Click the download button, you can get fiber cutting machine brochure. Yag laser welding of a stiffened panel demonstration. The effects of mg content on the weldability of aluminium alloy sheet using the dualbeam nd. This paper examines the laser welding behaviour of a sic particulate reinforced alalloy 2124 composite using a pulsed ndyag laser. Yag laser is the most common laser used in laser designators and laser rangefinders the chinese zm87 blinding laser weapon uses a laser of this type, though only 22 have been produced due to their prohibition by the convention on certain conventional weapons. It is a noncontact process that requires access to the weld zone from one side of the parts being welded. Yag lasers are exactly ten times smaller than co2 lasers. In general, when laser welding titanium alloys, a jet of inert gas. It is based on keyhole or penetration mode welding. It contains gases such as nitrogen, helium, and co2 are used as the lasing medium. Yag laser welding of titanium alloys using a directed. The increasing utilization of titanium alloys in the aerospace industry, a direct result of socioeconomic pressures, has created the need for a production process which can produce high quality nearnetshape titanium alloy components.
Yag lasers may be operated in both pulsed and continuous mode providing power outputs between 0. Click the download button, you can get fiber marking machine brochure. It was found that the effective absorptivity of the cu increased as the oxygen content of the ar assist gas was increased. If the gap or space between two parts to be laser welded is too big, the laser beam will pass down the center and possibly not melt either side. Yag 4006d trumpf laser, with a maximum power of 4 kw. Keyhole laser welding is a joining technology which could be utilized for this requirement. Yag laser welder lwy8 lwy20 lwy50 lwy150 lwy300 it is widely used in precision metal welding. Pdf laser welding has shown many advantages over traditional welding methods in numerous applications.
Yag laser welding in shipbuilding construction by fabricating a stiffened panel. Multicriteria optimization of weld bead in pulsed nd. To illustrate high automation robot manipulation for subsequent use in an industrial production environment. Apr 25, 2018 laser plastic welding market, fiber laser, and nd. The laser beam weldability of az31b magnesium alloy was examined with high power pulsed nd. Yag 200 w or 300 w laser sources or fiber lasers with the output of 300, 450, 600 or 900 w. It is affected by factors such as process parameters, type of. Pdf laser welding is a vital jointing technique for various materials with their increasing implementation. Laser beam welding process in general cases heat is required to fuse the metals for any types of welding, in laser beam welding process the heat is obtained from the application of a concentrated coherent light beam which striking upon the weld metal and melt the metal, such this weld joint is obtained, this welding process is called laser welding. Oct 03, 2017 we do an depth video for moldmaking technology about the differences between fss fiber laser and nd. Yag laser is used more widely in industry because of good thermal characteristics of yag crystals. The ability to deliver the laser power to the workpiece through a flexible fibre also opens new laser welding applications, and creates more competition for. These compact laser welding devices can even perform very fine welding tasks. Yag laser welding of a stiffened panel demonstration component.
Ndyag laser welding precision joining technologies, inc. Following are the main types of laser used in these types of welding. Article information, pdf download for multicriteria optimization of weld. Choose the laser source that fits your requirements. In this project, laser welding of mild steel to stainless steel was. The weld quality can be influenced by several process factors, such as laser beam power, pulse duration, overlap, spot. The low solid absorptivity, liquid viscosity, and liquid surface tension of magnesium make it more difficult to weld than steel.
Laser beam welding lbw is a welding technique used to join pieces of metal or thermoplastics through the use of a laser. With the assistance of nondestructive testing and destructive testing investigate the effects of nd. Click download or read online button to get nd yag laser book now. Comparison is made with regard to weld penetration and tendency of occurrence of solidification cracking in the weld metal and liquation cracks in. Nd yag laser download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. Optical inspection of the weld surface and microscopic analysis of weld cross sections were used to verify the results obtained with the proposed closedloop system of spectroscopic sensor and controller. Y 3 al 5 o 12 is a crystal that is used as a lasing medium for solidstate lasers. Yag laser pulses at a high repetition rate and creates a conti nuous seam weld of overlapping spots. This paper aims to study the effect of welding speed on different process efficiencies in 304l. Yag laser welding process is being used for welding of micro industrial products. Yag laser sources are available with 75 to 500 watts of power. Conduction welding occurs at lower power densities or higher welding speeds. Laser welding is widely used for its advantages like deeper weld. Yag laser welding and it provides a basis for future studies.
The dopant, triply ionized neodymium, nd iii, typically replaces a small fraction 1% of the yttrium ions in the host crystal structure of the yttrium aluminum garnet yag, since the two ions are of similar size. Yag laser is a fourlevel laser system, which means that the four energy levels are involved in laser action. Yag and diode laser characteristics is given in reference 11. Comparison is made with regard to weld penetration and tendency of occurrence of solidification cracking in the weld metal and liquation cracks in the heat affected zone. Estimation of process efficiencies the characteristics of a laser welding process depends upon welding speed, laser power, pulse duration, beam angle, size of the weld pool geometry, thermal properties, process efficiencies and others. The beam provides a concentrated heat source, allowing for narrow, deep welds and high welding rates. This is a standard yag laser welder which is most suitable for precision welding of electronic components. Yag laser welding has been widely used in microelectronics and photonics packaging industry, a full understanding of various phenomena.
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